Crete forms the southern most section of the Greek archipelago. In fact, it is no more than an extension of the Dinaric Alps which are themselves part of the Alpine orogenetic system.
The shape of Crete is stretched out from east to west, and its relief is characterized by intense variation and natural contrasts. The 3/5 of the total surface of Crete form – from west to east – the backbone of the island, an interrupted range that runs along Crete. There are four main elevations of this range: Lefka Ore (2.452m), Idi (2.456m), Dicti (2.148m) and Thrifti (1.476m). At an altitude of over 1.000m the landscape is generally ragged and bare, while, in winter the northern slopes are covered with snow, owing to the bitterly cold north winds.
Thanks to its sharp morphology, Crete is endowed with more than 100 deep narrow gorges. Conditions in most Cretan gorges (special climate and isolation) ensure an excellent habitat for an abundance of plant species.
The Cretan flora is impressively rich, comprising a 1/3rd of the species of Greek flora. The island has over 1800 species and subspecies, 18% of which are endemic (native) to the Aegean region and adjacent coasts. Coastal plains and populated areas are generally covered with shrubs, small trees, olive groves, vineyards, and other plantations. Remote parts of the highlands include some patches of pine, cypress and oak forests.
Thanks to its fascinating nature and unique history, Crete is one o the world’s most attractive areas for millions of tourists.
The ideal destinations for those with particular interests in action, nature and culture are the areas in Central Crete, a vast region where the mountains Psiloritis, Dicti and Asteroussia are predominant. Taking soft trails and paths on a hike through vineyards, olive groves, villages and monuments, visitors in central Crete are enchanted by the harmonious co-existence of land and people. The passion and long experience of Cretans in cultivating the fertile soil of their island results in some excellent wine varieties as well as in the worldwide famous olive oil. Quality cattle-breeding products, fine pottery and elaborate embroideries are characteristic of mountain villages. Unique monuments and archaeological sites, picturesque chapels and peaceful monasteries are scattered everywhere.